Processing
The link between mines and industries is processing. Mineral processing produces a product that can be used in industry. The feed of metal smelters and non-metallic products factories are all processed minerals.
Processing increases the value of the mineral and this added value saves mining activities and processing costs. Designing and installing a special processing circuit for each mine is one of the most important stages of mining. Zar Yab Negareh Kourosh Company is ready to provide all specialized processing services. In addition to common methods and techniques, modern processing methods such as biotechnology are the specialty of Zar Yab Negareh Cyrus.
After crushing and softening of ore, which goes to the point of release of ore or ores; The upgrade phase begins. This part of the processing process is based on the physicochemical properties of the ore or ores in different ways and / or methods. The difference in the specific gravity of the ore and the tailings applies the gravity separation method. Today, the development of flotation method has reduced the use of gravity method, but this method is still used for mineralization of some ores due to lower cost and less environmental pollution. In addition, the development of techniques used in the gravity method has made it possible for ores with very small dimensions of about 10 microns to be mineralized by gravity method. In order to reduce energy consumption and increase the efficiency of the whole mineralization process, special techniques can be used in the application and completion of gravity processing method. Minerals and tailings in electric and magnetic fields behave differently from each other, so the use of electrical and magnetic properties can be successful in upgrading some ores. In the electrostatic mineralization of minerals, there are two general states: either the minerals are dielectric, or some have high electrical conductivity, and some have low electrical conductivity. Accordingly, there are three mechanisms of contact fertilization, ionic or electron bombardment, and induction of conduction to separate ores. Depending on whether the target ore is ferromagnetic or paramagnetic, low-intensity magnetic separators or high-intensity magnetic separators can be used. The most important parameter for using wet or dry magnetic separator techniques is the particle size. Hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy and electrometallurgy methods, which are based on the difference between solubility, heat and hydrolysis, respectively, are other methods of mineralization. The method of hydrometallurgy (leaching) is an efficient method according to the needs of today, which has necessitated the extraction of ore from low-grade mineral masses. Among the various techniques used in leaching, the use of bacteria (bioleaching) has made significant progress. In fact, bacteria play the role of catalyst in a biochemical process. Acid is produced by the metabolism of microorganisms, which dissolves the target element. The most important factors in the bioleaching process are: acidity, reduction potential, equilibrium temperature, sulfur metals and bactericidal activity of bacteria. In leaching, important factors such as dissolution time, granulation of raw materials, chemical concentration, temperature, stirring speed, pulp density, pulp viscosity, etc. are important, all of which depend on the type and characteristics of the ore and must be optimized. . One of the most important steps in a variety of leaching techniques is the recovery of valuable elements from the mother solution. This step is done by various methods such as ion exchange, solvent extraction, cementation and many other methods. For each type of ore, after specialized studies and optimization of effective parameters, a suitable method is selected. Flotation method, which is based on differences in the wettability of minerals, is one of the most widely used mineralization methods. The processing of very large, low-grade mineral masses is due to the use of this method. Three phases of solid, liquid and gas are involved in the flotation process and establishing optimal conditions in the contact angle of these three phases is very effective in the efficiency of this method. Most minerals are not hydrophobic and their hydrophobicity should be increased to the desired level by using suitable collectors. In general, the correct choice of collectors, modifiers and dispersants is important in the flotation process. A flotation machine is a device in which flotation is performed. The disadvantages of this device are: holding the particles of the pulp suspended, creating suitable conditions for them to collide with air bubbles and the possibility of draining the fluted material in a layer without turbulence, as well as draining the non-fluted material. Choosing the right type of flotation machine from the available options is very important.